Tell us about it! Texas Water Development Board works best with JavaScript enabled. This website compiles USGS resources and data related to principal aquifers including Aquifer Basics, principal aquifers maps and GIS data, and the National Aquifer Code Reference List. 1, Total pumping estimates for the Ogallala, Edwards-Trinity (High Plains), and Dockum aquifers in High Plains UWCD No. Natural salt pollution in the upper reaches of the Red and Brazos river basins precludes the full utilization of these water resources. Aquifers are vital to the states economy and environment, highlighting the need for their proper management and conservation. ASR is the process of capturing water from heavy rainfall and injecting it into underground water wells where it is stored for later use. New and Environmentally Improved. Because of the scar-city of measurable water-table wells, depth to the water table below land surface was estimated using Aquifers are identified by a geohydrologic unit code-a three-digit number related to the age of the formation, followed by a 4 or 5 character abbreviation for the geologic unit or aquifer name. Some of the state's largest water level declines, ranging from 350 to more than 1,000 feet, have occurred in counties along the IH-35 corridor from McLennan County to Grayson County. It consists of sandstone and limestone formations of the Trinity formations, and limestones and dolomites of the Edwards and associated limestone formations. Larry French, director of the groundwater division at the Texas Water Development Board, spoke to Texas Standard about its potential . This document provides information on the basic functions of AWUDS and the steps f, Fresh ground-water withdrawals from 66 principal aquifers in the United States were estimated for irrigation, public-supply, and self-supplied industrial water uses for the year 2000. The appropriate component aquifer should be used instead of Northern Great Plains. For the area tool click points on the map to begin building the polygon you want to measure and then double click to close the polygon. This area corresponds to the principal recharge zone for the aquifers. Irrigation, mainly in the northwestern portion of the region, accounted for about 79 percent of total aquifer use in 2008 and has resulted in significant water-level declines in Glasscock and Reagan counties. Well, in Central Texas, and particularly the Edwards Aquifer, it's an aquifer that has a lot of caves in it and fractures. Note that alluvial aquifers north of the limit of continental glaciation are included inSand and gravel aquifers (glaciated regions). U.S. Geological Survey 505 Ferguson Lane Austin, Texas 78754-4501 The Edwards and Trinity aquifers are classified as major aquifers by the Texas Water Development Board and are major sources of water in south-central Texas, where Hays County is located. Groundwater in the confined area of the aquifer is generally softer and has total dissolved solids concentrations less than 1,000 milligrams per liter except in the southern and western portions of the aquifer. AWUDS has a graphical user interface that facilitates data entry, revision, review, and approval. Irrigation pumping accounts for slightly more than half the water pumped, and pumping for municipal supply accounts for another 40 percent. There are nine major aquifers and 22 minor aquifers that supply groundwater for municipal and irrigation needs throughout the state. 500--Sandstone and carbonate-rock aquifers. The principal aquifers shown on the 2003 map above, with some additions, were used as the first National Aquifer reference list in the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) in the Aggregate Water Use Data System (database released in August 2001). The Ogallala Formation of late Miocene to early Pliocene age consists of heterogeneous sequen-ces of coarse-grained sand and gravel in the lower part, grading upward into clay, silt, and fine sand. This aquifer underlies the Edwards Plateau, extending through 40 counties from the Hill Country of Central Texas westward to the Trans-Pecos region. Irrigation pumpage accounted for 94 percent of the total use from the aquifer in 2008. Semiconsolidated aquifers consist of semiconsolidated sand interbedded with silt, clay, and minor carbonate rocks Sandstone aquifers are more widespread than those in all other kinds of consolidated rocks. (.pdf file). In 2019, more than 90 percent of the water pumped from the Ogallala was used for irrigation, while more than 90 percent of the Hueco-Mesilla pumpage served municipal purposes. County-- select one or more . The Catahoula Aquifer is considered an Alternative Water Source (AWS) in Montgomery County. (March 2005). In Harris, Galveston, Fort Bend, Jasper, and Wharton counties, water level declines of as much as 350 feet have led to land subsidence. Volcanic-rock aquifers have a wide range of chemical, mineralogic, structural, and hydraulic properties Aquifer maps often include large-to-small areas that are designated "minor aquifer," "not a principal aquifer," or "confining unit. These are usually areas are underlain by low-permeability deposits and rocks, unsaturated materials, or aquifers that supply little water because they are of local extent, poorly permeable, or both. Center the map where you want the center of your print, enter a title in the textbox and choose a page size for your print using the drop down. January 31, 2023. Major Aquifers of Texas [Map] Author: Texas Water Development Board (TWDB) Year: 2006: Document Number: 1295: HCP EIS Reference: . Local aquifer: Not all groundwater sites have been associated with a local aquifer. About 55 percent of all water used in Texas was sourced through aquifers in 2019. In 2005,thenational aquiferinformationwas addedto NWIS, allowing users to search by national aquifer code and name from the reference list below. Map of major and minor aquifers in Texas. Elsewhere, water from the Trinity Aquifer is used primarily for municipal and domestic supply. Dell City irrigation from the Bone SpringVictorio Peak minor aquifer in Hudspeth County. The aquifer is primarily composed of sand locally interbedded with gravel, silt, clay, and lignite. In 2008, municipal uses accounted for 62 percent and irrigation accounted for 25 percent of the total pumpage from the aquifer. Aquifers are identified by a geohydrologic unit code (a three-digit number related to the age of the formation, followed by a 4 or 5 character abbreviation for the geologic unit or aquifer name). The Ordovician age Ellenburger aquifer is a fractured limestone and dolomite and is present in the southeastern and northwestern portions of the county. 300--Sandstone aquifers. A two-dimensionalmap representation of the principal aquiferswas derived from this data and published as part of the National Atlas in 1998 (revised 2003). the largest aquifer Municipal use accounted for 63 percent of the total aquifer use in 2008. Historically, Texas has had a wealth of fresh to slightly saline water, which underlies more than 81 percent of the state. Computer models of the northern and southern portions of the Ogallala aquifer were completed by the Texas Water Development Board and its contractor. Each PA was sampled across its lateral extent using an equal-area grid, typically with 60 wells. Groundwater movement is generally toward the southeast. Now called the Maverick Basin Aquifer, it is known to be at least 3,000 square miles in area and averages 1,000 feet thick in most places. The Texas Water Development Board (TWDB) recognizes 9 major aquifers aquifers that produce large amounts of water over large areas (see major aquifers map) and 22 minor aquifers aquifers that produce minor amounts of water over large areas or large amounts of water over small areas (see minor aquifers map). Irrigation accounts for more than half of the aquifer's discharge. The Ground Water Atlas of the United States is available onlineas anHTML website, asdownloadable PDFs, andoravailable for purchasethrough the USGS Store. Results of the Regional A, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston, VA 20192, Region 2: South Atlantic-Gulf (Includes Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands), Region 12: Pacific Islands (American Samoa, Hawaii, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands), map representation of the principal aquifers, Principal Aquifers of the 48 Conterminous United States, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, Circular 1279,Estimated Withdrawals from Principal Aquifers in the United States, 2000, Groundwater, Aquifers, Wells, and Springs, Users Manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey: Aggregate Water-Use Data System, Version 3.2, Estimated withdrawals from principal aquifers in the United States, 2000, Principal aquifers [of the United States], Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wyoming, Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin, Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Wyoming, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming, Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee, Texas, Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer, Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee, Alabama, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, New York and New England crystalline-rock aquifers, Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont, New York and New England carbonate-rock aquifers, Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont, North Coast Limestone aquifer system (Puerto Rico), Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain aquifer system, Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Northern Rocky Mountains Intermontane Basins aquifer systems, Arkansas, Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming, California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming, Alabama, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Piedmont and Blue Ridge carbonate-rock aquifers, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Piedmont and Blue Ridge crystalline-rock aquifers, Alabama, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Sand and gravel aquifers (glaciated regions), Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Vermont, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, Tennessee, Wisconsin, Southeastern Coastal Plain aquifer system, Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, South Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Alabama, Georgia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, First publication of the core of the national aquifer list in a comprehensive manner was the, Aquifers shown on the 2003 Principal Aquifers map, with some additions, were used as the first National Aquifer reference list in NWIS, released in AWUDS v. 1.0 for the national compilation of water-use data for the year 2000 (database released in August 2001). Igneous and metamorphic-rock aquifers can be grouped into two categories: crystalline-rock and volcanic-rock. The surficial aquifer in the Coastal Plain of these States should be included in the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain aquifer system. Official websites use .gov Refer to the metadata for a complete description of the files and how they were generated. Nearly 80 percent of the groundwater produced in 2008 was used for irrigating crops, especially in the Panhandle region. In 2019, more than 4.4 million acre-feet were pumped from the Ogallala Aquifer, accounting for 67 percent of the water sourced from all major Texas aquifers. Water levels in the Trinity Aquifer, the county's main source of groundwater, plunged. It is part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System. (March 2005), Surficial aquifer system: removed the following States from the valid list: Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, Virginia. The aquifer is one of the most extensive and highly used groundwater resources in Texas. Anaquiferis a geologic formation, a group of formations, or a part of a formation that contains sufficient saturated permeable material to yield significant quantities of water to wells and springs. Center the map where you want the center of your print, enter a title in the textbox and choose a page size for your print using the drop down. Consisting of up to 1,500 feet of alluvial fill, the aquifer occupies two hydrologically separate basins: the Pecos Trough in the west and the Monument Draw Trough in the east. The Ogallala aquifer extends through 48 counties of the Texas Panhandle and is the southernmost extension of the largest aquifer (High Plains aquifer) in North America. Geology, Major and Minor Aquifers, BRACS Study Areas, Regional Water Planning Areas, Groundwater Management Areas, Groundwater Conservation Districts, River Basins, Counties, 7.5' United State Geological Survey Grid, 2.5' State Grid, Latitude, Longitude, and Land Elevation. Texas State Historical Association (TSHA). Elevation (ft) Well Depth (ft) Water Level Observation Type. Near the plateaus edge, flow is toward the main streams, where the water issues from springs. The aquifer underlies an extensive area in south-central Texas extending along the Balcones fault zone from Kinney County eastward to San Antonio, and thence northeastward to Hays County. Although the Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer reaches 3,000 feet in thickness, the freshwater saturated thickness of the sands averages 670 feet. Additional aquifer data through the USGS web app Surficial deposits which are not of glacial origin may be coded as Alluvial aquifers. Additionalhydrogeologicand groundwater recharge data is available through theRegional Groundwater Availability Studiesof theNational Water Census. A two-dimensional map representation of the principal aquifers of the Nation is shown below. A lock () or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. A major aquifer is generally defined as supplying large quantities of water in large areas of the state. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. The principal aquifer in Uvalde County is the Edwards and associated limestones of Cretaceous age. Water levels have declined in the Winter Garden area because of irrigation pumping and in the northeastern part of the aquifer because of municipal pumping. Aquifers are identified by a geohydrologic unit code - a three-digit number related to the age of the formation, followed by a 4 or 5 character abbreviation for the geologic unit or aquifer name. Sulfate and chloride concentrations also tend to increase with depth. Water level increases were found in the northern portion of the study area, near the Yoakum and Terry County boundary and in northeastern Gaines County. The aquifer system is composed of the Catahoula, Oakville, Fleming, Goliad, Willis, Lissie, Bentley, Montgomery, and Beaumont formations. Freshwater saturated thickness averages 95 feet. This aquifer consists of isolated areas of alluvium found in parts of 25 north-central and Panhandle counties in the upper Red River and Brazos River basins. The availability of this water is critical to the economy of the region, as approximately 95 percent of groundwater pumped is used for irrigated agriculture. The aquifer consists of sand, gravel, clay, and silt and has a maximum thickness of 800 feet. The aquifer now provides approximately 90 percent of the citys drinking water. Although its primary use is for municipalities, it is also used for irrigation, livestock, and other domestic purposes. The Aggregate Water-Use Data System (AWUDS) is the database management system used to enter, store, and analyze state aggregate water-use data. Water Systems He got the county through the crisis, and thanks to some heavy rains in 2012, the aquifer rebounded a little. in Texas. Results of the Regional A, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston, VA 20192, Region 2: South Atlantic-Gulf (Includes Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands), Region 12: Pacific Islands (American Samoa, Hawaii, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands), Unconsolidated and semiconsolidated sand and gravel aquifers, Regional Groundwater Availability Studies, North and South Carolina Atlantic Coastal Plain, Pennsylvanian and Mississippian Aquifers of the Appalachian Plateaus, Groundwater, Aquifers, Wells, and Springs, Minor aquifers, confining units, and areas identified as "not a principal aquifer", Quality of groundwater used for public supply in the continental United States: A comprehensive assessment, Principal aquifers [of the United States]. Most of the water pumped from the aquifer is used for irrigation. Years of heavy pumpage have caused significant water-level declines in portions of the aquifer. Summary The Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer is a major aquifer extending from the Louisiana border to the border of Mexico in a wide band adjacent to and northwest of the Gulf Coast Aquifer. Five GCD's (Red on the map), the GMA12, are required to work together to set these conditions for the Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer. Aquifers with this characteristic are common, although not exclusive, east and south of Interstate Highway 35. This list of national principal aquifer codes and names are fixed values assigned by the National Water Information System(NWIS). The Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer is a major aquifer extending from the Louisiana border to the border of Mexico in a wide band adjacent to and northwest of the Gulf Coast Aquifer. (in error) Northern Great Plains aquifer system, Some revisions to the lists of valid States, this code, and reference list were added to the NWIS Site File and toNWISWebwith the release of NWIS 4.5 in 2005; see the WMA Technical Memo "NWIS 4.5 -- Assigning National Aquifer Codes in the Ground Water Site Inventory (GWSI) for the NWIS 4.5 Release.". El Paso and Fort Bliss also have built the worlds largest inland desalination plant in El Paso County, which uses brackish groundwater from the Hueco Bolson. In 2008, 72 percent of groundwater pumped from the aquifer was used for irrigation, and the rest is withdrawn for industrial uses, power supply, and municipal use. Surficial deposits of glacial origin (New Jersey) should be included in Sand and gravel aquifers (glaciated regions). 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